- The US Consumer Price Index is set to rise 2.7% YoY in November.
- The core CPI inflation is seen steady at 3.3% last month.
- The Fed is expected to cut interest rates by 25 bps in December.
The US Consumer Price Index (CPI) report for November, a key measure of inflation, will be unveiled on Wednesday at 13:30 GMT by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
Markets are buzzing in anticipation, as the release could trigger significant swings in the US Dollar (USD) and influence the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) plans for interest rates in the months ahead.
What to expect in the next CPI data report?
As measured by the CPI, inflation in the US is expected to increase at an annual rate of 2.7% in November, slightly higher than the 2.6% growth reported in the previous month. Core annual CPI inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, is projected to remain steady at 3.3% during the same period.
On a monthly basis, the headline CPI and core CPI are forecasted to rise by 0.3%.
Previewing the October inflation report, TD Securities analysts said: “We look for core inflation to stay largely unchanged in November, registering another firm 0.3% m/m advance. Rising goods prices are expected to explain most of the strength in the series, while slowing housing inflation is likely to provide some relief. On a y/y basis, headline CPI inflation is expected to inch higher to 2.7% while core inflation likely stayed unchanged at 3.3%.”
In his latest remarks at an event hosted by the New York Times on December 4, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell shared that the central bank’s approach to future interest rate adjustments could take a more measured pace, thanks to the economy’s stronger-than-anticipated performance this year.
Reflecting on the economic growth, Powell noted that the resilience had surpassed earlier forecasts, allowing the Fed to adopt a more cautious stance as it works toward finding a “neutral” rate policy. He acknowledged that “the economy is strong, and it’s stronger than we thought in September,” even as inflation has been running slightly higher than anticipated.
Powell explained that this backdrop is shaping the Fed’s outlook as it prepares for its upcoming meeting on December 17-18, a session that markets had widely expected to result in another rate cut.
How could the US Consumer Price Index report affect EUR/USD?
The upcoming Trump administration is expected to adopt a stricter stance on immigration, a more relaxed approach to fiscal policy, and a reintroduction of tariffs on imports from China and Europe. Together, these factors are likely to exert upward pressure on inflation, potentially prompting the Fed to pause or even halt its ongoing easing cycle, thereby providing additional support to the US Dollar (USD).
However, with the gradual cooling of US labour market conditions and the likely persistence of sticky inflation, the November inflation report is unlikely to significantly alter the Fed’s stance on monetary policy.
Currently, markets are pricing in an approximately 85% probability that the Fed will lower rates by 25 basis points in December, according to the CME Group’s FedWatch Tool.
Pablo Piovano, Senior Analyst at FXStreet, provides a brief technical outlook for EUR/USD, arguing: “The December high of 1.0629 (December 6) serves as the initial resistance, followed by the intermediate 55-day SMA at 1.0776 and the more significant 200-day SMA at 1.0842.”
Pablo adds: “On the downside, if the spot price breaks below the December low of 1.0460, it could pave the way for a potential test of the 2024 bottom at 1.0331 (November 22).”
Economic Indicator
Consumer Price Index (YoY)
Inflationary or deflationary tendencies are measured by periodically summing the prices of a basket of representative goods and services and presenting the data as The Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPI data is compiled on a monthly basis and released by the US Department of Labor Statistics. The YoY reading compares the prices of goods in the reference month to the same month a year earlier.The CPI is a key indicator to measure inflation and changes in purchasing trends. Generally speaking, a high reading is seen as bullish for the US Dollar (USD), while a low reading is seen as bearish.
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Fed FAQs
Monetary policy in the US is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these goals is by adjusting interest rates. When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, it raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs throughout the economy. This results in a stronger US Dollar (USD) as it makes the US a more attractive place for international investors to park their money. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing, which weighs on the Greenback.
The Federal Reserve (Fed) holds eight policy meetings a year, where the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) assesses economic conditions and makes monetary policy decisions. The FOMC is attended by twelve Fed officials – the seven members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the remaining eleven regional Reserve Bank presidents, who serve one-year terms on a rotating basis.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve may resort to a policy named Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. It is a non-standard policy measure used during crises or when inflation is extremely low. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy high grade bonds from financial institutions. QE usually weakens the US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process of QE, whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing, to purchase new bonds. It is usually positive for the value of the US Dollar.
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